What is Trichotillomania?

Trichotillomania is a condition that affects millions of people around the world, yet it is often misunderstood and even stigmatised. Those who suffer from trichotillomania experience a strong urge to pull out their own hair, which can cause significant distress and impact their daily lives. In this blog, we aim to shed light on trichotillomania and offer support and understanding to those who are affected by this condition.

Trichotillomania is a type of body-focused repetitive behaviour that falls under the category of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. It is characterised by the repeated act of pulling out one’s own hair, which can occur on any part of the body where hair grows, such as the scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, pubic area, beard, or moustache. The act of hair pulling can be performed with one’s fingers, tweezers, or other tools.

What Causes Trichotillomania? 

The causes for this condition are not fully understood. These may be some of the causes underlying the condition: 

• As a coping method for anxiety or stress

• Chemical imbalances in the brain similar to that in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

• Hormonal  changes that occur throughout puberty

• Hair pulling may be an addiction for some people 

For some people with trichotillomania, the hair pulling serves as a coping mechanism for stress, anxiety, or boredom.

To learn more about coping with anxiety, read How Can You Learn to Cope With Anxiety and Depression?

Others might describe a sense of relief or pleasure after pulling their hair, which can make it difficult to stop. The hair pulling can also be triggered by a variety of emotional states such as anger, frustration, or sadness. For others, the act of hair pulling is performed absent-mindedly, without any conscious awareness.

How does this condition affect physical and mental health? 

The effects of trichotillomania can be devastating, both physically and emotionally. Those who suffer from the condition often experience shame, guilt, and low self-esteem as a result of the appearance of their hair loss. The physical effects of hair pulling can also cause scars, infections, and, in severe cases, permanent hair loss. This can lead to significant stress and anxiety for those who are affected, and can make it difficult to engage in everyday activities or interact with others.

It is important to note that trichotillomania is not a choice and those who suffer from it cannot simply "stop" pulling their hair. The condition is often accompanied by feelings of shame and guilt, and it can be difficult for individuals to seek help or even acknowledge that they have a problem. However, it is important to remember that trichotillomania is a treatable condition and that help is available.

What is the Treatment For Trichotillomania 

Treatment for trichotillomania often involves a combination of behavioural therapy and medication. Cognitive-behavioural therapy, specifically habit reversal training, is one of the most effective forms of treatment for trichotillomania. This type of therapy helps individuals identify triggers for hair pulling and replace the behaviour with a more positive, healthy coping mechanism. Medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can also be prescribed to help alleviate the symptoms of trichotillomania and reduce anxiety.

To learn more about psychiatric medication and how they work, read Psychiatric Medication: Everything You Need To Know 

It is also crucial for individuals with trichotillomania to practise self-care and engage in activities that promote physical and emotional well-being. This can include exercise, mindfulness practices, and stress-reducing activities like yoga or meditation. For some individuals, support groups can be an incredibly helpful resource, offering a space to connect with others who understand the challenges of trichotillomania.

Finally, it is important for loved ones and friends of individuals with trichotillomania to be supportive and understanding. This can mean being patient and non-judgmental, avoiding criticism or negativity, and offering encouragement and support. It is also important to educate oneself about trichotillomania and its effects, as this can help individuals better understand the condition and offer support in a way that is truly helpful.

If you or your loved one is experiencing symptoms of this condition, we encourage you to seek professional help from a therapist or psychiatrist.